|
3.5 Ions
Looking back at Table 3 indicates that all atoms have equal number of protons (positively charged) and electrons (negatively charged) as a result of which the net charge in the atom is 0.
But when any atom gains or loses one or more electrons we get atoms with imbalance charge which are termed as ions. Ions can be positively charged (loses electron) or negatively charged (gains electron).
Different charge states for Iron is
|
Fe0 - neutral
Fe+2 - Ferrous ion (loses 2 electrons)
Fe+3 - Ferric ion (loses 3 electrons) |
The atomic charge of various elements influences its chemical behavior. This is clearly depicted in the periodic table. Elements of the same group have the same charge on their ions.
|
Class
|
Position
|
Charge
|
Examples
|
|
Alkali
metals
|
Group
IA
|
+1
|
Nað++,
K+ð+, Cs+ð+
|
|
Alkaline
earth metals
|
Group
IIA
|
+2
|
Mg2+ð+,
Ca2+ð+, Sr2ð++
|
|
Halogens
|
Group
VIIA
|
1
|
F-,
Cl-, Br-, I-
|
|
Noble
gases
|
Group
O
|
-
|
He,
Ne, Ar
|
[next page]
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Index
3.1 The Atom
3.2 Isotopes
3.3 Atomic Weight
3.4 Radioactivity
3.5 Icons
3.6 Orbital
Chapter 4
|
