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2.11 Points to Remember

The Stuart Dynasty

  • James I came to the English throne (1603) and founded the Stuart Dynasty.
  • Charles I succeeded him. Both of them had conflicts with their parliament. Civil war broke out during his reign and he was executed (1649).
  • Oliver Cromwell ran the government from 1649 to 1658.

The Thirty Years’ War

  • This war was basically political and religious.
  • It broke out in Germany in 1618 because of the growing animosity between the Protestants, and the Catholics.

France and Richelieu

  • Cardinal Richelieu was the advisor of the Queen of France.
  • He was the most influential figure in European history.
  • His objectives were absolute supremacy for the French King and the defeat of rival authorities.
  • His internal policies promoted obedience and unity.

Decline of Spain

  • Religion and politics were the new forces in Spain.
  • Politics was subordinate to religion for Philip, the ruler of Spain.
  • Domestic and foreign policy hastened the decline of Spanish power and prestige.
  • Lack of concentration on a single project brought about the fall of Spain.

The Civil War in England

  • It occurred during the reign of Charles I, the King on one side and the people’s parliament on the other.
  • Charles I was executed, and Commonwealth was established.

The Age of Reason

  • Most of the Philosophers were born in this Age
  • People believed that reason could free them from of their ills and lead them to peace, security, a good government and an ideal society.
  • This sort of thinking led to the progress of humanity and entire society.

Anglo-Dutch War

  • This war was fought between England and Holland.
  • Both countries had commercial rivalry.
  • England won the war in 1665.

Peter the Great

  • He was a great statesman of Russia.
  • He had a sharp observation and his mind was open to new ideas.
  • He transformed the nation from to a modern and complete westernized one.

The Spanish succession

  • Queen Anne’s reign was mostly dominated by the question of Spanish succession.

Glorious Revolution

  • It was landmark event in the world history.
  • It involved a bloodless revolution.
  • It implied the success of the people’s parliament.
  • James II (King of England) fled from England.
  • he throne was passed to his daughter and son-in law.

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Index

2.0 - Introduction
2.1 The Stuart Dynasty
2.2 The Thirty Years' War
2.3 France and Richelieu
2.4 The Decline Of Spain under Philip II
2.5 The English Civil War (1642-1649)
2.6 The Age of Reason and Enlightenment
2.7 The Anglo-Dutch Wars
2.8 Peter, the Great
2.9 The Spanish Succession
2.10 The Glorious Revolution
2.11 Points to Remember

Chapter 3





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