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(iii) Objectives
The objectives of the U.N.O. are as follows:
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To maintain international peace and security.
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To develop friendly relations among nations.
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To achieve international cooperation in solving international
economic, social, cultural and humanitarian problems.
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To promote respect for human rights, dignity and freedom.
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To promote respect among the member nations for fundamental
rights and freedoms of mankind by ending the differences of
caste and creed.
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To be a center for harmonizing the actions of the nations in
attaining these common ends.
(iv) Principles
The principles of the U.N.O. are as follows:
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The U.N.O. is based on the sovereign equality of all its members.
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Each member nation should perform her duty earnestly according
to the Charter.
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Each member nation should settle the disputes by peaceful means
so that peace, security, and justice in the world are not disturbed.
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All member nations will not make use of threat and violence
in their international relations.
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All member nations will help doing those functions, which the
U.N.O. intends to perform according to the Charter, and none
will help a country against which the U.N.O. is taking any action.
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The U.N.O will not intervene in the internal affairs of a country.
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The U.N.O will also see that all the member nations work to
maintain international peace and security.
(v) Functions of the Principal Organs
The U.N.O. has six main organs- (1) General Assembly, (2) Security Council, (3) Economic and Social Council, (4) Trusteeship Council, (5) International Court of Justice, and (6) Secretariat. The important organs are explained below:
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The General Assembly
It is an important organ of the U.N.O. It is the chief deliberative organ. It is regarded as the parliament of the U.N.O. Its regular session is held once a year on the third Tuesday in September and continues until the end of December. At the start of each session, it elects a new President, 21 Vice-Presidents, and Chairmen of its seven main committees. Each country can send five delegates but has one vote only. Important decisions need two-thirds majority while decisions on ordinary matters are reached by a simple majority.
Exhibit 18.5
The UN General Assembly meeting
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Index
18.0 Introduction
18.1 Regional Organizations
a. E.E.C
b. O.P.E.C
c. S.W.A.P.O
d. S.A.A.R.C
e. A.S.E.A.N,
f. G.A.T.T.
g. N.A.F.T.A
18.2 International Organizations
a. N.A.M
b. The Commonwealth
c. U.N.O.
18.3 Dates & Events
Chapter 19
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