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Limitations of the Octet Rule :

The Octet rule is not adequate as it fails to explain the following points of bond formation.

  1. Incomplete octet : For atoms of compounds possessing less than eight electrons.

 



2) Expanded octet : For atoms of compounds possessing more than eight electrons.

Covalency :

The number of electron pairs which an atom can share with other atoms is known as the covalency of that element.

Atoms

H

Cl

O

N

C

P

Covalency

1

1

2

3

4

3

[next page]

Index

4.1 Introduction
4.2 The Ionic Bonds
4.3 The Covalent Bonds
4.4 The Polar Bonds
4.5 Electronegativity
4.6 Others Bonds

Chapter 5





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