|
9.3 Electrolytes
Electrolytes are chemical compounds which conduct electricity either in the fused or in an aqueous solution state and which undergo chemical decomposition due to flow of current through it.
|
Examples |
|
Acid solutions - HCl, HNO3 |
|
Alkaline solutions - KOH, NaOH |
|
Ionic salt solutions - PbBr2 , CuSO4 |
|
Strong Electrolytes |
Weak Electrolytes |
|
Allows a large amount of |
Allows a small amount of |
|
electricity to flow through |
electricity to flow through |
|
them |
them |
|
|
|
|
Are completely dissociated |
Are partly dissociated |
|
|
|
|
Solutions contain only free mobile ions |
Partly ionised and partly unionised molecules are present |
|
Examples |
Examples |
|
Acids - HCl, HNO3 |
Acids - Acetic, Oxalic |
|
Bases - NaOH, KOH solution |
Bases - NH4OH |
|
Salts - CuCl2 , PbBr2 |
Salts - Na2CO3 , NaHCO3 |
Electrodes allow the electric current to enter or leave the electrolytic solution and are
two in number. They are connected to a battery and can be classified as :
|
Anode |
Cathode |
|
connected to the positive terminal of the battery |
connected to the negative terminal of the battery |
|
|
|
|
Acquires positive charge during electrolysis |
Acquires negative charge during electrolysis |
|
|
|
|
Migration point for anions |
Migration point for cations |
|
Index
9.1 Introduction
9.2 Electrolytic Cell
9.3 Electrolytes
9.4 Faraday's Law of Electrolysis
9.5 Electrochemical Cell
9.6 Electrode Potential
Chapter 10
|
